ISSN 2722-1865 (Online)

ARBITER: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Hukum is a peer-reviewed academic journal that serves as a forum for the dissemination of scholarly works in the field of law. The journal publishes original and high-quality articles resulting from research, conceptual studies, critical analyses, and legal reflections that contribute to the development of legal science and practice at both national and international levels. The journal focuses on legal studies in the areas of Business Law, International Law, Criminal Law, and Civil Law, addressing contemporary legal issues, regulatory developments, legal reform, and comparative and interdisciplinary perspectives. ARBITER welcomes manuscripts that demonstrate analytical depth, methodological rigor, and relevance to legal theory, policy, and practice. All submitted manuscripts undergo a double-blind peer review process and are reviewed by at least two independent reviewersto ensure originality, academic quality, and ethical compliance. The journal adheres to established standards of scholarly publishing and publication ethics. ARBITER: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Hukum is published biannually, with issues scheduled in May and June, and is intended for academics, researchers, legal practitioners, and policy observers.