Perspektif Psikologi dalam Merespons Perubahan Peran Kerja akibat AI

Dika Agus Pratama, Faadhil Faadhil

Abstract


The development of artificial intelligence (AI) has drastically transformed the landscape of work, creating uncertainty and psychological pressure for many workers. This article aims to examine how psychological perspectives, particularly positive and organizational psychology, can be employed to respond to AI-driven changes in work roles. This study uses a qualitative literature review approach, drawing on scholarly articles and policy reports from various disciplines and global contexts. Findings indicate that while AI induces anxiety and stress due to new job demands, it also presents opportunities for adaptation if supported by strengthened psychological capital such as optimism and resilience. Additionally, soft skills such as empathy and emotional intelligence remain essential competencies that AI cannot replace. Organizational psychology and public policy play a strategic role in fostering fair and supportive work ecosystems through psychological assessment-based interventions and human-centered work design. This review underscores the importance of integrating psychological approaches in navigating workforce transformations in the digital age.

Keywords


Artificial Intelligence; Work Psychology; Psychological Adaptation.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706QP063OA

Brougham, D., & Haar, J. (2018). Smart technology, artificial intelligence, robotics, and algorithms (STARA): Employees’ perceptions of our future workplace. Journal of Management & Organization, 24(2), 239–257.

Brynjolfsson, E., & McAfee, A. (2014). The Second Machine Age: Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Brilliant Technologies. W. W. Norton & Company.

Bughin, J., Hazan, E., Lund, S., Dahlström, P., Wiesinger, A., & Subramaniam, A. (2018). Skill shift: Automation and the future of the workforce. McKinsey Global Institute.

Deming, D. J. (2017). The growing importance of social skills in the labor market. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 132(4), 1593–1640.

Floridi, L., & others. (2018). AI4People—An ethical framework for a good AI society: Opportunities, risks, principles, and recommendations. Minds and Machines, 28, 689–707.

Frey, C. B., & Osborne, M. A. (2017). The future of employment: How susceptible are jobs to computerisation? Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 114, 254–280.

Grant, A. M., & Parker, S. K. (2009). Designing meaningful work. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 30(2), 123–128.

Haenlein, M., & Kaplan, A. (2019). A brief history of artificial intelligence: On the past, present, and future of artificial intelligence. California Management Review, 61(4), 5–14.

International Labour Organization. (2021). World Employment and Social Outlook: The role of digital labour platforms in transforming the world of work.

Jarrahi, M. H. (2018). Artificial intelligence and the future of work: Human-AI symbiosis in organizational decision making. Business Horizons, 61(4), 577–586.

Kaplan, A., & Haenlein, M. (2019). Siri, Siri, in my hand: Who’s the fairest in the land? On the interpretations, illustrations, and implications of artificial intelligence. Business Horizons, 62(1), 15–25.

Komalasari, F. (2020). Kecemasan Kerja Akibat Perubahan Teknologi: Studi Kualitatif pada Karyawan Produksi. Jurnal Psikologi, 12(2), 134–147.

Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, Appraisal, and Coping. Springer.

Luthans, F., Youssef, C. M., & Avolio, B. J. (2007). Psychological Capital: Developing the Human Competitive Edge. Oxford University Press.

Makridakis, S. (2017). The forthcoming Artificial Intelligence (AI) revolution: Its impact on society and firms. Futures, 90, 46–60.

Nedelkoska, L., & Quintini, G. (2018). Automation, skills use and training (Issue 202).

Rogers, C. R. (1969). Freedom to Learn. Merrill.

Schwab, K., & Zahidi, S. (2023). The Future of Jobs Report 2023. World Economic Forum.

Shrestha, M., & others. (2019). Supporting displaced workers: Reskilling and social safety nets. Policy Research Working Paper, 9025.

Sun, L., & Wang, Y. (2021). Understanding AI Anxiety in the Workplace: A Survey Study. Computers in Human Behavior Reports, 4, 100129.

Tschang, F., & Almirall, E. (2021). Artificial Intelligence as augmenting automation: Implications for employment. Academy of Management Perspectives, 35(4), 642–659.

Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in Society: The Development of Higher Psychological Processes. Harvard University Press.

Zhang, W., & Zhao, Z. (2024). The Effect of AI on Workers’ Mental Health: Evidence from Chinese Manufacturing Firms. China Economic Review, 78, 101909.

Zhou, Y., & Zhang, J. (2024). Artificial Intelligence Awareness and Emotional Exhaustion in the Workplace: A Mediated Moderation Model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 109(2), 345–360.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.31289/tabularasa.v7i2.6138

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2025 Tabularasa: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Psikologi

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Program Pascasarjana Magister Psikologi
Universitas Medan Area
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License