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Analisis Perbandingan Kadar Metabolit Primer Pada Daum Pisang Kepok Kuning (Musa Paradisiaca L. Kepok Kuning) Hasil Kultur Jaringan Dan Tanaman Konvensional
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan membandingkan kadar metabolit primer pada daun pisang Kepok Kuning (Musa × paradisiaca L., var. Kepok Kuning) yang diperoleh melalui kultur jaringan dan budidaya konvensional. Kultur jaringan merupakan teknik perbanyakan modern yang memungkinkan produksi bibit secara massal dan seragam secara genetik, namun kondisi lingkungan in vitro yang berbeda dengan in vivo dapat memengaruhi komposisi biokimia tanaman. Analisis dilakukan terhadap metabolit primer utama, meliputi karbohidrat, protein, dan lipid, yang berperan penting dalam pertumbuhan dan metabolisme seluler. Metode kromatografi cair kinerja tinggi (HPLC) digunakan untuk analisis karbohidrat, sedangkan kadar protein total diukur secara spektrofotometri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daun pisang hasil kultur jaringan memiliki kadar gula total (glukosa, fruktosa, sukrosa) yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan daun dari tanaman konvensional, sedangkan kadar protein dan lipid tidak berbeda signifikan. Perbedaan ini mencerminkan adanya adaptasi fisiologis akibat perbedaan lingkungan pertumbuhan. Studi ini menegaskan bahwa teknik kultur jaringan dapat memengaruhi profil metabolit primer tanaman dan menjadi dasar penting bagi optimalisasi produksi serta peningkatan kualitas bahan tanaman.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31289/jiperta.v8i1.6591
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